LUXEMBOURG (Reuters) - Amazon ( AMZN ) criticised a book delivery fee imposed by France two years ago, telling Europe's top court on Thursday the measure was discriminatory, protectionist and a breach of European Union law.

France's efforts to protect its cultural heritage and traditions have frequently put it at odds with tech and online companies, notably one of the biggest Amazon ( AMZN ).

Paris introduced the three euro ($3.31) fee in October 2023 to help local independent bookstores counter competition from Amazon ( AMZN ), which had until then charged a euro cent on book deliveries in France. The French fee does not apply for purchases above 35 euros.

Amazon ( AMZN ) challenged the fee at France's highest administrative court that in turn sought guidance from the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU).

"This is an economic measure by a member state for the protection of its bricks and mortar retailers. It is a discriminatory measure which only benefits retailers with a physical presence in France," Amazon's ( AMZN ) lawyer Yann Utzschneider told the CJEU.

"This is a protectionist measure in complete breach of EU laws," he said.

Utzschneider said the measure also favours large retailers like FNAC and hypermarkets like Carrefour where customers can go to one of their branches to pick up their book purchases and avoid the fee.

He said the measure breaches the EU e-commerce directive that governs online sales and purchases across the 27-country EU.

"France can't be allowed to carve up the single market to suit their own national interests," Utzschneider said.

France defended its measure, saying large online retailers have an unfair advantage compared to smaller rivals.

"The major retailers are using their delivery methods as a way of creating a new type of competition on the book market," Brice Fodda, a lawyer for the French government, said.

"These players have taken advantage of the fact that they are large players, and they are able to offer a free delivery service or a very cheap delivery service," he said.

The European Commission also criticised the French fee.

"This measure clearly has an economic background, to modify competition to the detriment of Amazon ( AMZN )," Commission lawyer Bruno Stromsky told the panel of five judges.

He voiced doubts whether French independent book stores need to be protected, pointing to the network of 3,300 independent bookshops in France as the densest network in the world and the leading book sales channel.

The CJEU will rule in the coming months.

The case is C-366/24 - Amazon EU (Tarifs minimaux de livraison de livres).

($1 = 0.9073 euros)