LIMA, Sept 14 (Reuters) - Hero? Murderer? Savior?
Villain?
As Peru buries former president Alberto Fujimori on
Saturday, the Andean country is grappling with the complex
legacy of its most powerful - and most divisive - political
leader in recent decades, who died this week at the age of 86.
Many Peruvians still revere Fujimori for pulling the country
out of a severe economic crisis in the 1990s and defeating the
Shining Path terrorist group. Others say his authoritarian rule
was to blame for clandestine military killings. He spent some 16
years behind bars for human rights abuses.
"Thanks to him, terrorism is over," said Felicita Ruiz, who
came from the Andean region of Ayacucho, birthplace of the
Maoist Shining Path, to pay respects to the former president.
The conflict with the rebel group left 69,000 civilians and
military dead or missing, according to a Truth Commission. The
shadow of that conflict casts a pall over Peru to this day.
But while thousands like Ruiz lined up to give the son of
Japanese immigrants to Peru a hero's sendoff, carrying photos
and figurines of the former leader who gained the nickname
"Chino", others protested against him and criticized his human
rights record.
Killings committed by secret military groups during his
government in the 1990s, and allegations of corruption, hurt
Fujimori badly. He fled to Japan in 2000 after the release of
videos showing advisors giving bundles of money to legislators,
businessmen and judges to support his government.
Fujimori was sentenced in 2009 to 25 years in prison for
human rights abuses as the "indirect author" in the killing of
25 people, including a child. He was released from prison last
December after a controversial pardon.
"This tribute is an insult," said Maria Carbajal, who said
she was one of thousands of women sterilized as part of a
Fujimori government program to reduce poverty in poor, rural
regions of Peru.
Some 300,000 women were sterilized in the national campaign.
Human rights groups and thousands of the women allege they were
coerced. Fujimori always said the operations were consensual.
'I HOPED HE WOULD BE PRESIDENT AGAIN'
Peru has been in national mourning for three days since
Fujimori's death on Wednesday, his body lying in state.
Fujimori is credited - in a similar way to former military
dictator Augusto Pinochet in Chile - with setting Peru on a
free-market economic course, which did help make the copper-rich
country one of the most stable economies in Latin America.
But Peru's reputation has come under pressure recently, with
six presidents in seven years and political unrest weighing on
investment in copper mining, the country's main economic driver.
That has in some ways burnished the memory of Fujimori further.
"I hoped he would become president again," said a sobbing
Yusi Canchari, after she traveled for hours from Peru's interior
to see his body. Fujimori's politician daughter Keiko had in
July said he could run for election again.
"I just want to thank President Fujimori for everything he
did for our country," Canchari added. "He achieved peace. I
remember he built my little school, built roads, gave us
uniforms, shoes and food."
Keiko, herself a defeated presidential candidate, and
current unpopular President Dina Boluarte, both attended the
wake on Thursday.
"It's a shame because they're recognizing someone who was
convicted and sentenced by the state itself for serious crimes,"
Gisela Ortiz, sister of a student killed during the Fujimori
era, told local radio station Exitosa.
Fujimori's death, in an odd coincidence, came exactly three
years to the day after his fierce enemy, Shining Path leader
Abimael Guzman, who died in prison also aged 86.
Lima resident Angel Taboada felt divided about Fujimori, and
unsure how to remember him.
"The former president did good things; he fought terrorism.
But he also did bad things, like the massacres at La Cantuta,
Barrios Altos and Pativilca," he said, referring to three of the
most notorious military killings in the 1990s.
Fujimori supporter Mabel Rojas had no such doubts.
"I feel devastated," she said. "I met him once and asked
him, 'What would you do with all this (current) crisis? What
would you do?' And he had all the solutions. He had them because
his mind was brilliant."