WASHINGTON, Aug 7 (Reuters) - NASA officials said on
Wednesday that the two astronauts delivered to the International
Space Station by Boeing's ( BA ) Starliner could return on
SpaceX's Crew Dragon in February 2025 instead if Starliner is
still deemed unsafe to return to Earth.
The U.S. space agency has been discussing potential plans
with SpaceX to leave two seats empty on an upcoming Crew Dragon
launch for NASA astronauts Butch Wilmore and Suni Williams, who
became the first crew to fly Boeing's ( BA ) Starliner capsule to the
ISS in June.
The astronauts' test mission
, initially expected to last about eight days on the
station, has been drawn out by issues on Starliner's propulsion
system that have called into question the spacecraft's ability
to safely return them to Earth as planned.
Thruster failures during Starliner's initial approach to
the ISS in June and several leaks of helium - used to pressurize
those thrusters - have set Boeing ( BA ) off on a testing campaign to
understand the cause and propose fixes to NASA, which has the
final say.
But the results of those tests have done little to quell
concerns about
Starliner's safety
and stirred disagreements and debate within NASA about
whether to accept risk with Starliner or make the decisive call
to use Crew Dragon instead.
Using a SpaceX craft to return astronauts that Boeing ( BA )
had planned to bring back on Starliner would be a major blow to
an aerospace giant that has struggled for years to compete with
SpaceX and its more experienced Crew Dragon.
Early Tuesday morning, NASA, using a SpaceX rocket and a
Northrop Grumman capsule, delivered a routine shipment of food
and supplies to the station, including extra clothes for Wilmore
and Williams.
Starliner's high-stakes mission is a final test required
before NASA can certify the spacecraft for routine astronaut
flights to and from the ISS. Crew Dragon received NASA approval
for astronaut flights in 2020.
Starliner development, developed under the same NASA
program, has been set back by management issues and scores of
engineering problems. It has cost Boeing ( BA ) $1.6 billion since
2016, including $125 million from Starliner's current test
mission, securities filings show.
CONCERNS AT NASA
A meeting this week of NASA's Commercial Crew Program,
which oversees Starliner, ended with some officials disagreeing
with a plan to accept Boeing's ( BA ) testing data and use Starliner to
bring the astronauts home, officials said during a news
conference.
"We didn't poll in a way that led to a conclusion,"
Commercial Crew Program chief Steve Stich said.
"We heard from a lot of folks that had concerns, and the
decision was not clear," Ken Bowersox, NASA's space operations
chief, added.
A Boeing ( BA ) executive was not made available at the press
conference.
While no decision has been made on using Starliner or
Crew Dragon, NASA has been buying Boeing ( BA ) more time to do more
testing and gather more data to build a better case to trust
Starliner. Sometime next week is when NASA expects to decide,
officials said.
The agency on Tuesday delayed by more than a month
SpaceX's upcoming Crew Dragon mission, a routine flight called
Crew-9, that is expected to send three NASA astronauts and a
Russian cosmonaut to the ISS.
NASA's ISS program chief said the agency has not yet
decided which astronauts they would pull off the mission for
Wilmore and Williams if needed.
Boeing's ( BA ) testing so far has shown that four of
Starliner's jets had failed in June because they overheated and
automatically turned off, while other thrusters re-fired during
tests appeared weaker than normal because of some restriction to
their propellant.
Ground tests in late July at the White Sands Missile
Range in New Mexico have helped reveal that the thrusters'
overheating causes a teflon seal to warp, choking propellant
tubes for the thrusters and thereby weakening their thrust.
"That, I would say, upped the level of discomfort, and
not having a total understanding of the physics of what's
happening," Stich said, describing why NASA now appears more
willing to discuss a Crew Dragon contingency after previously
downplaying such a prospect to reporters.