NEW YORK (Reuters) - Drugmakers plan to raise U.S. prices on at least 250 branded medications including Pfizer COVID-19 treatment Paxlovid, Bristol Myers Squibb's ( BMY ) cancer cell therapies and vaccines from France's Sanofi at the start of 2025, according to data analyzed by healthcare research firm 3 Axis Advisors.

Nearly all of the drug price increases are below 10% - most well below. The median price increase of the drugs being hiked Jan. 1 is 4.5%, which is in line with the median for all price increases last year.

The increases are to list prices, which do not include rebates to pharmacy benefit managers and other discounts.

Larger drug price increases were once far more common in the U.S. but in recent years drugmakers have scaled them back after price hikes drew sharp criticism in the middle of the last decade.

"Drugmakers don't have much real estate any longer to increase prices over time, which means taking greater liberties on launch prices is really the only option they have in the face of expanded penalties for year-over-year price increases," 3 Axis President Antonio Ciaccia said.

A Reuters analysis of prices for new drugs found that pharmaceutical companies launched new U.S. drugs in 2023 at prices 35% higher than in 2022.

The over 250 drug hikes represent an increase from Dec. 29 last year when drugmakers unveiled plans to raise prices on more than 140 brands of drugs.

Drug companies are also reducing some prices on Jan. 1. Merck & Co ( MRK ) plans to cut the list price of its heavily discounted diabetes drugs Januvia and Janumet "to align the list price more closely to the net price."

U.S. PAYS MOST

The U.S. pays more for prescription medicines than any other country, and incoming President Donald Trump has vowed to lower drug costs by focusing on middlemen in the U.S. healthcare system.

More drug price increases are likely to be announced by other drugmakers over the course of January - historically the biggest month for drugmakers to raise prices.

Pfizer ( PFE ) raised prices of the most drugs on the latest list - more than 60 drugs. As well as a 3% hike on Paxlovid, the company raised prices on medicines including migraine treatment Nurtec and cancer drugs Adcetris, Ibrance and Xeljanz between 3% and 5%.

"Pfizer ( PFE ) has adjusted the average list prices of our medicines and vaccines for 2025 below the overall rate of inflation - approximately 2.4% - across many products in our diverse product portfolio," Pfizer ( PFE ) spokesperson Amy Rose said in an email. She said the increases help support investments in drug development and offset costs.

Bristol Myers raised the price of its expensive cancer cell therapies Abecma and Breyanzi by 6% and 9%, respectively. The personalized blood cancer treatments can already cost close to half a million dollars.

A BMS spokesperson said in an email that the company is "committed to achieving unfettered patient access" to its medicines. She said the price of Breyanzi in particular "is reflective of the potentially transformative, individualized treatment in a one-time infusion."

Sanofi raised prices on around a dozen of its vaccines between 2.9% and 9%.

The largest brand price increases according to the 3 Axis analysis were from Leadiant Pharmaceuticals, a unit of Italy's Essetifin. The company raised prices around 15% on its Hodgkin's disease treatment Matulane and about 20% on Cystaran, eye drops to help patients with symptoms from a rare condition called cystinosis.

Spokespeople from Leadiant and Sanofi did not immediately respond to requests for comment.