Jan 9 (Reuters) - Rio Tinto is in early talks to buy Glencore ( GLCNF ), the companies said, in what could create the world's largest mining company with a combined market value of nearly $207 billion.

The move comes as global miners race to scale up in metals like ‌copper, seen as critical to the energy transition, fueling a surge in project expansions and takeover attempts.

Glencore ( GLCNF ) ​has an enterprise value of $99 billion, according to LSEG data, which would ‍make its purchase the sector's biggest-ever deal.

Here is a ⁠list of other major ⁠mining deals:

GLENCORE BUYS XSTRATA

In February 2012, a year after Glencore ( GLCNF ) debuted on the London Stock Exchange, ‌it agreed an all-share purchase of Switzerland-headquartered ​miner Xstrata, which had an enterprise value of nearly $46 billion, according to LSEG data.

The deal created a commodities powerhouse spanning mining, ⁠agriculture, oil and trading.

RIO TINTO BUYS ‍ALCAN

In 2007, ​Rio Tinto bought Canada's Alcan to create the world's No. 1 aluminum producer in an attempt to diversify beyond its strength in iron ore ‍and copper.

Rio Tinto's offer, which had an enterprise value of $43 billion, beat a hostile bid from U.S. aluminium producer Alcoa.

ANGLO AMERICAN AGREES TO BUY TECK RESOURCES

In September 2024, London-listed Anglo American and Canada's Teck Resources ( TECK ) announced plans to merge, creating a new global copper-focused heavyweight.

The all-share deal, while structured as ​a ‍merger of equals, will involve Anglo acquiring Teck, which currently has an enterprise value of $39 billion, according to LSEG data.

It is headed for ​an antitrust clearance in Europe after regulators signalled an absence of competition concerns.

FREEPORT-MCMORAN BUYS PHELPS DODGE

In 2007, Freeport-McMoRan ( FCX ) completed its acquisition of Phelps Dodge Corp, one of the most famous names in U.S. mining history, to form the world's largest publicly traded copper company. Phelps Dodge had an enterprise value of nearly $23 billion.

The combined entity's footprint spanned ​from Indonesia to South America.

NEWMONT BUYS NEWCREST MINING

In 2023, Newmont ( NEM ), the world's largest gold miner, acquired Australia's top gold producer Newcrest Mining, which had an enterprise value of nearly $20 billion.

(Compiled by Rajasik ‍Mukherjee, Nikita Maria Jino and Sameer Manekar in Bengaluru; Editing by Jamie Freed)