09:50 AM EDT, 10/28/2025 (MT Newswires) -- Tesla (TSLA) CEO Elon Musk's "polarizing and partisan actions" in recent years have cost the company sales of around 1 million vehicles, according to a working paper from the National Bureau of Economic Research by Yale University economists.

Without the "Musk partisan effect," Tesla sales between October 2022 and April 2025 would have been 67% to 83% higher, or the equivalent of 1 million to around 1.3 million more vehicles, the paper said.

Musk also boosted the sales of other automakers' electric and hybrid vehicles by 17% to 22% as a result of substitution and impeded the progress of California in meeting its zero-emissions vehicle target, the paper said.

Tesla did not immediately reply to a request for comment from MT Newswires.

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