Maestro, a leading Bitcoin Finance (BitcoinFi) infrastructure provider, has published the “State of BitcoinFi” report, which brings forward an ecosystem-wide analysis on its financial applications, infrastructure, and ongoing development from a store of value to empowering traditional finances (TradFi) on-chain transition.

Maestro anticipates volumes to keep surging as enterprises continue to stack BTC in their treasuries and more idle coins are activated for yield and further uses.

“We’re witnessing the convergence of TradFi and DeFi into a Bitcoin‑denominated capital market,” said Marvin Bertin, Co‑Founder and CEO of Maestro.“For the first time since 2009, the critical pieces for on‑chain financial apps on Bitcoin are in place, spanning exchanges, lending, and stablecoins. Bitcoin is evolving from a static reserve asset into a dynamic, productive financial network.”

Staking And Lending

With over 68,500 bitcoin in TVL ($7.39 billion), staking has become the most widely used application in BitcoinFi. Re-staking has also been steadily on the rise, with $3.32 billion BTC being re-staked, meaning the niche now secures over $10 billion through yield-bearing protocols.

Babylon currently leads in scale ($4.79B), but Solv, Lombard, and CoreDAO are advancing the frontier of liquid staking tokens (LSTs), restaking strategies, and dual-token security models. Bitcoin-native lending is being spearheaded by Liquidium, with over $500M in volume.

Source: Maestro Another form of staking gaining traction is dual staking, introduced by CoreDAO, with over $615M of BTC staked. The incentives include block rewards from their native CORE tokens and a share of transaction fees, which are distributed to stakers and validators.

A few challenges remain, as many staking returns do not align with treasury rates, with yield and liquidity being dispersed across different chains and protocols. It is to be seen whether the durability of BTC-secured networks can continue to deliver sustainable rewards.

Programmability Layers

Bitcoin scaling and Layer 2 (L2) layers have $5.52 billion (52,000 coins) in total value locked (TVL), hinting at developer and user demand driven by native smart contracts, yield, and asset allocation, whilst keeping self-custody, and having settlement guarantees.

The Stacks layer is leading in growth, more than doubling its TVL for Q2 and adding roughly 2000 BTC. Sidechains still hold most of the asset in BitcoinFi, but the architecture is diversifying, with rollups and execution layers looking promising.

Source: Maestro Bitcoins legacy constraint is slowly peeling away, as the base layer was never meant for programmability. While Ethereum has over $116 billion in DeFi TVL, BTC-aligned infrastructure remains lagging at just over $5.5B in TVL across scaling layers. However, new sidechains, rollups, and various environments continue to emerge, pushing the largest asset per market cap beyond its passive store-of-value role.

Metaprotocols

Runes, Ordinals, and BRC-20 tokens accounted for 40.6% of all Bitcoin transactions in the first half of 2025, with BRC-20 volume reaching $128 million.

Following a pullback last year, Ordinals experienced a strong recovery, with over 80 million inscriptions by mid-2025, generating 6,940 BTC (~$681M) in fees. Runes are rebounding from a sharp decline in minting and trading volume at the end of 2024.

Source: Maestro

Stablecoins

With $860 million in TVL (over 42% Quarter-over-Quarter), this asset class has come to prevalence within the Bitcoin ecosystem, thanks to maturing L2s and growing demand for native primitives.

CDP-based (Collateralized Debt Position) stablecoins, such as Avalon’s USDa ($559M), have seen early traction in BitcoinFi. High-yield stablecoins, such as Hermeticas 25% APY offering, point towards a demand for capital-generating assets.

Source: Maestro A few hurdles remain, with fragmented liquidity (the inability to conclude a transaction with one or more participants due to a lack of clearing arrangements) being one of them, as it limits market depth across chains and L2s.

The oracle design remains an issue for CDPs (collateralized debt positions), and composability tradeoffs introduce rigidity between performance and decentralization.

Venture Funding

After a period of declining interest, BitcoinFi funding has surged to $175 million across 32 rounds in the first half of 2025, with the activities focused not only on infrastructure. In the same half of the year, out of the 32 deals, 20 were targeted on DeFi, apps, and custody.

Capital is being shifted towards usability and products, with infrastructure now on the back seat. 

Source: Maestro The beginning of the year saw leading investment firms, such as Pantera Capital, Founders Fund, and Standard Crypto, among others, validating the niche as a popular frontier in the cryptocurrency universe. These notable deals indicate a potent combination of infrastructure depth and application-layer traction, with investor interest coming from both traditional and crypto-native firms.