(The opinions expressed here are those of the author, a
columnist for Reuters.)
By Mike Dolan
LONDON, June 24 (Reuters) - New Federal Reserve Chair Kevin
Warsh is unlikely to differ much from the late Alan Greenspan on
how the central bank should deal with financial asset bubbles -
and that legacy offers little comfort to anyone.
During his almost two decades leading the Fed, Greenspan -
who died on Monday at the age of 100 - routinely insisted the
central bank should not try to deflate financial market bubbles
in advance. Instead, it should simply mop up the mess whenever
one bursts.
His rationale hinged on the assumption that the Fed could
never be certain what was a bubble and what was a structural
investment boom. Attempting to second-guess markets could cause
unnecessary economic damage or distortions, and distract the
central bank from its congressional mandates on prices and jobs.
But that approach saw Greenspan preside over two of the
biggest bubbles in modern history: the dotcom boom and bust at
the turn of the millennium, and a larger, more damaging credit
bubble that burst in 2007/2008. That second collapse wreaked
global economic havoc for years, and its political implications
are still being felt.
Some, including Warsh, defend the Fed's unwillingness to
rein in the parabolic rise of often loss-making internet stocks
in the late 1990s. They argue it allowed a
productivity-enhancing tech transformation to proceed, and that
deep Fed easing after the market collapsed limited the economic
fallout.
However, there are fewer apologists for the housing,
mortgage and credit boom that followed that sharp easing. Many
also argue the Fed's slow, predictable rebuilding of interest
rates encouraged that boom.A brutal recession ensued, followed
by more than a decade of debt repair, slow growth, monetary
policy and wealth distortions, and political upheaval.
Even if the Fed was not solely responsible for lax
regulation and banking sector incompetence that contributed to
that bust, it did little to lean against it in advance. Mopping
it up after the fact eventually worked, but over a long period
and at great cost to the Treasury. It also required the
extraordinary Fed balance sheet expansion that Warsh now thinks
was a mistake.
Was it worth it in the end? Greenspan himselfacknowledged
his mistake was an over-reliance on the self-interest of
commercial bankers not to let their firms blow up.
But would more active monetary policy have done better in
cooling either bubble before it burst?
"If the postmortem of recent monetary policy shows that the
results of addressing the bubble only after it bursts are
unsatisfactory, we would be left with less-appealing choices for
the future," Greenspan said in a speech in 2002. "In that case,
finding ways to identify bubbles and to contain their progress
would be desirable, though history cautions that prospects for
success appear slim."
IGNORE, THEN MOP UP
Warsh is assumed to share Greenspan's reluctance to prick
bubbles in advance, though he has not addressed the question
directly. His remarks have focused more on extolling the virtues
of allowing tech investment booms to run their course, rather
than reining them in.
And his view on asset prices tends to dwell more on his
belief that the Fed's balance sheet expansion since 2008
over-inflated assets like stocks and bonds - assets that about
half of Americans don't own.
A bigger concern for many investors is that Warsh may be
more symmetrical in his approach to market excesses than his
central banking "role model." That could mean keeping the Fed
clear of both wild market run-ups and crashes - effectively
removing the presumed "Greenspan put" - or at least stalling if
that required extraordinary balance sheet intervention.
Fasten your seatbelts if that's true.
Whether you take the view of Warsh, Greenspan or former Fed
Chair Ben Bernanke - who introduced bond buying and balance
sheet expansion to avert a depression in 2008 - it still leaves
us with the prospect that the Fed will allow a bubble to blow
regardless.
That brings us back to the market parlor guessing game of the
past few years: are we in bubble territory, driven by the AI
explosion? The debate is well documented and inconclusive, split
between those who say the spending and transformation are real
and those who say valuations are overcooked and mispriced.
If it proves to be a bubble - and U.S. chip stock indexes
have doubled so far this year and quintupled over the
past four - there is a reasonable question of whether the Fed is
still deliberately missing the wider economic, price and
financial stability issues that may be brewing.
Should it simply assume everything's fine and mop it up
after if it's not?
One interesting vignette from the other side of the world
this week offers another reason why central banks maybe should
not stand so aloof from market excesses. Perhaps they should
treatthem more like any other incoming economic data.
South Korea's chip-heavy Kospi index has tracked a
similar trajectory to the SOX. There are reports that local
households are ploughing windfall profits from outsized stock
gains back into an already overheated property market.
Are similar windfall profits from U.S. tech gains finding
their way into other parts of an already stretched U.S. economy?
And should that remain irrelevant to Fed calculations?
With U.S. inflation running well above target, the rate rise
now priced for later this year may be the least the Fed can do
to steady the ship.
(The opinions expressed here are those of Mike Dolan, a
columnist for Reuters.)
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