01:17 PM EDT, 10/28/2025 (MT Newswires) -- European stock markets closed mostly lower in Tuesday trading as Germany's DAX slid 0.1%, France's CAC 40 lost 0.27%, the Stoxx Europe 600 was down 0.25%, the Swiss Market Index retreated 1.34%, while the FTSE 100 in London gained 0.44%.

German consumer sentiment is expected to drop to -24.1 points in November from the revised -22.5 points in October, according to Growth from Knowledge.

In Italy, consumer confidence rose to 97.6 points in October from 96.8 points in September, according to the statistical office Istat. The business confidence index increased to 94.3 points from 93.7 points.

And in corporate news, Nvidia is set to make a $1 billion equity investment in Nokia in a deal that will give the US chipmaker a 2.9% stake in Nokia through the issuance of 166.4 million new shares at a subscription price of $6.01 each, Nokia said Tuesday.

In a separate statement Tuesday, Nokia said it has secured a contract to modernize the communications infrastructure of European energy company E.ON.

Shares of the Finnish telecommunications company jumped 21% on the Helsinki exchange.

HSBC said its Q3 earnings fell to $0.28 per diluted share from $0.34 and revenue rose to $17.79 billion from $17.17 billion a year earlier. It also maintained its quarterly dividend of $0.10 per share.

The British lender was among the top performers on the FTSE, advancing over 4%.

BNP Paribas reported Q3 net income attributable to equity holders of 3.04 billion euros ($3.55 billion) and revenue of 12.57 billion euros, trailing estimates of analysts polled by FactSet.

The French lender was the top decliner on the CAC, dropping over 3%.

Novartis said its Q3 core earnings rose to $2.25 per share from $2.06 and net sales climbed to $13.91 billion from $12.82 billion a year earlier. Analysts polled by FactSet expected $2.27 and $13.88 billion, respectively.

Shares of the Swiss drugmaker slipped more than 4% in Zurich.

GSK said the European Medicines Agency has granted orphan drug designation to its experimental therapy, GSK5764227, for treating pulmonary neuroendocrine carcinoma, a cancer category that includes small-cell lung cancer.

Shares of the British pharmaceutical giant were up 0.2% on the FTSE.